Roses have long been cherished for their timeless appeal in garden landscapes, offering a symphony of colours, fragrances, and forms. This article explores the different types of roses, each distinguished by unique features that make them suitable for various garden settings. 

From the robust Grandiflora to the delicate Miniature, every rose variety enhances the garden's aesthetic and sensory experience with its own story and distinctive characteristics. 

Whether you're designing a formal garden or a casual floral display, understanding the diversity among these rose types can help you choose the perfect blooms to elevate your outdoor space.

1. Hybrid Tea Roses

Hybrid Tea roses, often considered the quintessence of the modern rose, first bloomed into existence in the late 19th century, marking a significant revolution in rose cultivation. 

This was a time of avid experimentation in floral breeding, particularly in France and England, where gardeners were eager to create a rose that combined the best traits of old garden roses and wild roses. 

The result was a rose that offered both the refined blooms of garden roses and the repeat flowering capability of wild species.

The first acknowledged Hybrid Tea, 'La France', was introduced in 1867 by the French breeder Jean-Baptiste Guillot. It was celebrated for its unique shape and the delicate blend of its petals, traits that quickly set the standard for what would define this new class. 

The distinguishing feature of Hybrid Tea roses is their large, well-formed blooms which sit atop long, straight, and sturdy stems. Each flower is typically shaped like a well-sculpted cup, opening from high-centred buds to reveal multiple layers of petals. 

This attribute not only makes them particularly appealing to the eye but also supremely suitable for cut flower arrangements, allowing them to stand out elegantly in a vase or bouquet.

Among the myriad of varieties developed since 'La France', the 'Peace' rose holds a special place in the annals of rose history. 

Bred by Francis Meilland in France in the late 1930s, and first sold in the United States in the immediate aftermath of World War II, its naming was symbolic, representing a hope for peace following the conflict’s end. 

The 'Peace' rose quickly became one of the most famous and beloved roses in the world, known for its large creamy yellow flowers edged with pink. Its introduction marked not only a horticultural success but also a commercial and symbolic one, epitomising the enduring allure of Hybrid Tea roses.

2. Floribunda Roses

Floribunda roses were born out of a desire to create a type of rose that bloomed with the exuberance of Polyantha species but with flowers resembling the elegant Hybrid Teas. This hybridisation quest began in earnest in the early 20th century, with the term 'Floribunda' coined by Danish breeder Dines Poulsen. 

His aim was to produce roses that were robust, with clustered flowers and a prolonged blooming period. The successful result melded the hardiness and prolific blooming nature of Polyanthas with the beautiful, large flowers of Hybrid Teas.

Floribundas are celebrated for their vibrant, cluster-flowered nature, with several blooms adorning each stem. Unlike the solitary elegance of Hybrid Tea roses, Floribundas offer a continuous display of colour, often flowering in bouquets that provide a visual feast of tightly packed blooms. 

Each cluster forms a bouquet on its own, making Floribunda bushes appear more lush and full, which adds a generous swath of colour to any garden setting.

Thanks to their prolific and prolonged flowering season, Floribunda roses are particularly cherished for landscaping, where they contribute endless colour to borders and flower beds. 

They are resilient and relatively easy to maintain, making them a favourite among gardeners who wish to have a continuous display of floral splendour without the intensive labour associated with more temperamental varieties. 

Their adaptability and floriferous nature make them an ideal choice for public and private gardens, infusing them with life and colour throughout the growing season.

3. Climbing Roses

Climbing roses are a spectacular addition to any garden, offering both aesthetic beauty and practical benefits. 

Unlike their bush-forming counterparts, climbing varieties have been developed not only from naturally vining species but also through dedicated cultivation efforts to produce long, arching canes that can be trained to climb. 

The breeding of climbing roses often involves selecting mutations or sports from popular bush-type varieties that exhibit an ability to produce long shoots. Over time, these have been refined to enhance their climbing ability, vigour, and flowering capability.

Climbing roses are especially prized for their use in vertical gardening. They are perfect for dressing up structures such as arches, trellises, and walls, providing a lush, floral display that can transform any garden into a vibrant showcase. 

When trained to grow on supports, climbing roses create a curtain of blooms that can cover otherwise bare or unsightly areas, offering privacy and adding a touch of romance to garden spaces.

4. Shrub Roses

Shrub roses encompass a broad category of roses that include various hybrids and species with diverse growing habits and appearances. These roses are defined by their robust, bushy growth and are generally more sprawling than their formal Hybrid Tea relatives. 

Shrub roses can vary significantly in size and form, ranging from compact varieties that fit neatly into small gardens to larger specimens that make striking landscape features.

The utility of shrub roses in landscaping is extensive. They are ideal for creating hedges, mass planting, and serving as standalone features. Their dense growth and often thorny branches make them excellent choices for natural barriers, offering both beauty and privacy. 

Additionally, their tendency to spread and fill space quickly allows gardeners to create lush, flowering displays that can act as focal points or background plantings in garden designs.

One of the most appealing aspects of shrub roses is their generally robust health and low maintenance needs. These roses are typically hardier than other types, often possessing greater resistance to common rose diseases such as black spot and powdery mildew. 

This resilience, combined with their minimal pruning requirements, makes shrub roses a favoured choice among gardeners who value both beauty and ease of care. 

5. Ground Cover Roses

Ground cover roses were specifically developed to meet the needs of gardeners and landscapers looking to cover ground swiftly and effectively while providing essential erosion control. 

Their development in the late 20th century marked a significant advancement in horticultural breeding, focusing on creating varieties that spread across the ground quickly, reducing maintenance and preventing soil erosion. 

These roses are adept at establishing a robust and attractive cover over expansive areas, slopes, and uneven terrain where other plants might struggle.

Characteristically low-growing and spreading, ground cover roses are the ideal choice for blanketing garden beds and cascading down slopes. They form dense mats of foliage adorned with blooms, effectively crowding out weeds and minimising the need for garden upkeep. 

Their ability to spread wide means they quickly cover bare spots, offering a lively carpet of green interspersed with colourful flowers.

Introduced primarily in the latter part of the 20th century, ground-cover roses are celebrated for their high disease resistance and ability to bloom prolifically throughout the growing season. 

These attributes make them particularly valuable in garden settings where ease of care and continuous visual appeal are desired. Their resilience to common rose diseases such as rust and black spot ensures they remain vibrant and healthy with minimal intervention.

Some popular varieties of ground cover roses include the 'Flower Carpet' series, known for its exceptional hardiness and stunning blooms in shades ranging from amber to red, and the 'No More Tears' variety, famed for its disease resistance and beautiful pink flowers. 

Each variety brings its unique characteristics, but all share a common ability to enhance landscape beauty while simplifying garden maintenance.

6. Miniature Roses

Miniature roses are delightful, compact versions of full-sized roses, bred specifically to thrive in restricted spaces such as containers and small gardens. 

Their development began in earnest in the early 20th century, with a focus on creating roses that could bring the elegance and charm of larger roses to balconies, patios, and indoor settings. These miniature varieties have since become a popular choice among urban gardeners and those with limited outdoor space.

Despite their diminutive size, miniature roses boast a diverse palette of colours and exhibit the same intricate beauty as their larger counterparts. They are particularly well-suited to growing in pots, window boxes, and hanging baskets, where their scaled-down blooms can be appreciated up close. 

The compact nature of these plants makes them ideal for adding a splash of colour to small areas, whether positioned on a sunny windowsill or arranged along a small patio.

Breeding efforts over the years have focused not just on reducing the size of these roses but also on enhancing their form, colour variety, and resilience. Today's miniature roses come in a vast array of colours, from traditional reds and pinks to unusual yellows and whites. 

The careful selection of breeding stock has also ensured that these small plants do not sacrifice vigour or bloom capacity, allowing them to display a continuous profusion of flowers throughout the summer months.

7. David Austin Roses (English Roses)

In the mid-20th century, David Austin set out with an ambitious goal to revolutionise the world of garden roses. 

His breeding objectives were clear and innovative: to combine the enchanting fragrance and sumptuous form of old garden roses with the desirable characteristics of modern roses, particularly their ability to bloom repeatedly throughout the season. 

Austin's efforts culminated in the creation of a completely new class of roses, popularly known as English Roses or David Austin Roses, which have captivated gardeners and rose enthusiasts around the world.

These roses are distinguished by their distinctive "rosette" form of bloom, which features layers of petals that create a beautifully rounded, cup-shaped flower. The blooms are noted for their complexity and variety, appearing in a wide spectrum of colours from soft pastels to deep, rich shades. 

Each variety is carefully cultivated to ensure it embodies the delicate charm and grace of its historical predecessors while maintaining the robustness and repeat-flowering traits of modern hybrids.

David Austin Roses are renowned for their strong, delightful fragrances which often evoke a nostalgic appeal, reminiscent of an English country garden. Their scents range from the classic rose aroma to more complex notes incorporating hints of myrrh, fruit, and even musk. 

Among the standout varieties are the 'Gertrude Jekyll', known for its vibrant pink blooms and exceptional fragrance, and 'Graham Thomas', which offers stunning cup-shaped yellow flowers. 

8. Species Roses (Wild Roses)

Species roses, often referred to as wild roses, are the foundational genetic stock from which all other cultivated roses have been developed. These roses are characterised by their typically simpler, more natural forms compared to the often complex flowers of hybridised varieties. 

Most Wild roses bear single-petal blooms that usually feature five petals around a visible centre of stamens, embodying an understated elegance that appeals to wildlife and humans alike.

These original wild roses are integral to the biodiversity of their native habitats, often found in natural landscapes across various continents. They are typically very hardy and disease-resistant, traits that have made them invaluable in the breeding of more delicate cultivated roses. 

Species like Rosa rugosa exemplify these qualities, showcasing bushy, robust growth and the ability to thrive with minimal care. In autumn, many species of roses produce colourful hips that are not only visually appealing but also serve as an important food source for local wildlife.

The importance of Wild roses extends beyond their aesthetic and ecological contributions. They have played a crucial role in rose breeding programs aimed at enhancing disease resistance and hardiness in garden roses. 

By crossing these wild types with more ornamental varieties, breeders have been able to introduce greater resilience into the gene pool, ensuring the survival and continued enjoyment of roses in gardens around the world.

9. Antique Or Heirloom Roses

Antique or heirloom roses are terms that resonate deeply with the heritage and history of rose cultivation. These roses are typically defined as varieties that have been in existence since before 1920. 

They are revered not just for their age but for their historical significance and the continuation of their lineage through decades of gardening trends. These roses offer a living link to the past, allowing gardeners to cultivate plants that might have bloomed in the very same form in gardens centuries ago.

One of the most cherished aspects of antique roses is their fragrance. Often much stronger and more complex than many modern varieties, the scents of heirloom roses can range from sweet and floral to rich and musky. 

This aromatic quality makes them particularly beloved by those who value sensory experience in their gardens. 

Moreover, unlike the multiple flushes of blooms produced by many modern roses, antique varieties typically flower once per season. This singular, glorious display is often seen as a grand, celebratory event in the garden calendar.

Heirloom roses are also noted for their exceptional hardiness and disease resistance. They have withstood the test of time, often thriving with minimal intervention where newer varieties might struggle without careful maintenance. 

Notable varieties like ‘Alba’—famous for its elegant white flowers and strong fragrance—and ‘Gallica’, known for its richly coloured blooms and historical significance in European gardens, are especially treasured. These roses are not just plants but pieces of history, evoking a sense of continuity and resilience.

10. Patio Roses

Patio roses represent a more modern chapter in the story of rose cultivation, specifically bred to thrive in the confined spaces of urban gardens and containers. 

These dwarf versions of larger roses were developed in the mid-20th century, responding to the growing demand for garden plants suited to smaller, more controlled environments such as patios, terraces, and balconies.

Despite their diminutive size, patio roses do not skimp on display. They are bred to produce generous blooms that rival the size and beauty of those found on larger rose bushes. The compact nature of these plants makes them ideal for container life, where they can be easily managed and enjoyed up close. 

Their ability to provide long-lasting, continuous flowers throughout the growing season makes them a popular choice for adding colour and vitality to small garden spaces.

Known for their versatility, patio roses come in an array of colours and forms, each variety bred to offer not only visual appeal but also adaptability to various garden designs and settings. 

Whether nestled among other container plants on a sunny deck or serving as a standalone feature in a courtyard garden, patio roses bring the elegance and charm of larger roses to the scale of urban horticulture.

11. Polyantha Roses

Polyantha roses, which trace their origins back to the early 20th century, are a delightful class of roses that have charmed gardeners and rose enthusiasts for over a century. 

These roses emerged from the breeding efforts aimed at creating varieties that could provide more abundant blooms and greater disease resistance. The result was a group of roses that are known for their resilience and clusters of petite, vibrant flowers.

Characterised by their small, delicate blooms, Polyantha roses are the epitome of cottage garden charm. These roses typically produce flowers that are modest in size but compensate with their numbers, creating a visually striking mass of colour. 

The clusters are often so prolific that the bush appears to be a bouquet of blooms, offering a continuous display of flowers from late spring until the first frosts of autumn.

The appeal of Polyantha roses is not just in their beauty but also in their ability to bloom profusely. Each cluster can contain dozens of flowers, showcasing a natural abundance that can brighten any garden space. 

This makes them particularly suitable for borders, low hedges, and areas where a visual impact is desired without the maintenance that larger roses might require.

12. Grandiflora Roses

 

Grandiflora roses represent a majestic and innovative class of roses that were introduced to combine the best traits of their parent varieties: the Hybrid Tea and Floribunda roses. 

The concept was to create a rose that featured the large, elegant blooms of the Hybrid Teas, along with the continuous flowering habit and hardiness of the Floribundas. This hybridisation has produced varieties that are both visually impressive and robust.

A typical Grandiflora rose features large, showy blooms perched on tall, sturdy stems, making them perfect for dramatic floral displays. These roses are known for their stately appearance and durability, often used in gardens to make a bold statement.

Their height and striking presence make them ideal as background plants, where they can form a vibrant backdrop to other garden plantings.

One of the most iconic Grandiflora varieties is the ‘Queen Elizabeth’ rose, which has been a staple in gardens since its introduction. Known for its vigorous growth and graceful posture, ‘Queen Elizabeth’ continually produces clusters of pink flowers that exude classic elegance. 

The continuous blooming nature of this variety ensures that gardeners can enjoy its beauty throughout the growing season.

Other notable Grandiflora varieties include ‘Gold Medal’, which offers golden yellow blooms, and ‘Cherry Parfait’, known for its red and white flowers. Each variety brings its unique flair to the garden, providing height, colour, and a regal presence that enhances the garden landscape.

13. Ecuador Roses

The Ecuador roses are particularly notable for their impressive size, vibrant colours, and exceptionally long stems, which set them apart from those grown in other parts of the world. 

These characteristics are largely due to the high altitude at which the roses are cultivated, often exceeding 2,500 metres above sea level. 

At these heights, the roses are exposed to more intense sunlight, which is diffused through a thin layer of clouds and mist. This unique lighting enhances photosynthesis, leading to bigger blooms and richer colours.

Furthermore, the cooler temperatures and high altitude slow the blooming process, allowing the flowers more time to develop, which results in larger heads and thicker, longer stems. 

This slow maturation process not only enhances the physical attributes of the roses but also contributes to their longevity and durability, making them highly sought after in the premium floral market.

Ecuadorian roses are available in a dazzling array of colours, from deep reds to bright yellows, subtle pinks, and even bi-coloured varieties. This extensive colour palette, along with their size and longevity, makes them a favourite choice for high-end floral arrangements and bouquets. 

Whether they are being used for a lavish wedding decoration, a sophisticated corporate event, or a stunning gift, Ecuadorian roses add a touch of luxury and elegance that is unmatched.

14. China Rose 

 

China roses, also known as Rosa chinensis, are a captivating group of roses that hail from East Asia, particularly China. These roses are celebrated for their elegant blooms and historical significance, having played a pivotal role in the development of modern garden roses. 

What sets China roses apart is their ability to flower repeatedly throughout the growing season, a trait that was highly valued by European horticulturists when they were introduced in the 18th century.

Their flowers range from single to semi-double and come in shades of pink, red, and sometimes yellow. The blooms are often lightly fragrant and have a delicate, refined appearance. 

Another appealing feature of China roses is their compact growth habit, making them ideal for smaller gardens, pots, or urban spaces. Additionally, their relatively sparse thorns and glossy, fine-textured foliage add to their charm.

China roses thrive in well-drained soil and benefit from full sunlight. They're also reasonably hardy, though they appreciate some protection from harsh winters. If you're looking for a rose that combines history, beauty, and practicality, the China rose is a wonderful choice, promising months of floral splendour.

15. French Rose

The French rose, or Rosa gallica, is an ancient and distinguished species that has been cherished for centuries. Originating from Europe and Western Asia, it holds the title of one of the oldest cultivated roses in history, with references dating back to Roman times. 

French roses are renowned for their richly coloured blooms, which typically come in shades of deep pink, crimson, and purple. Their flowers are often semi-double or double, exuding a heady, sweet fragrance that has made them a favourite for perfumes and potpourri.

Unlike modern hybrid roses, French roses have a naturally compact and bushy growth habit. They flower once a year, usually in early summer, offering a spectacular burst of colour and scent. 

Their historical significance is also notable; they were often depicted in mediaeval art and played a role in the Wars of the Roses.

French roses are hardy and thrive in most temperate climates. They prefer well-drained soil and a sunny spot in the garden. 

While they require minimal maintenance, a light pruning after flowering helps keep their shape. Perfect for cottage gardens and heritage landscapes, the French rose is a timeless classic that brings a touch of history to any setting.

16. Rosa 'Abraham Darby'

Rosa 'Abraham Darby', a creation of famed English rose breeder David Austin, is a stunning variety beloved for its large, cupped blooms and delightful fragrance. 

This rose combines old-world charm with modern performance, featuring flowers in warm shades of apricot and pink. Each bloom is packed with layers of ruffled petals, giving the rose a romantic, luxurious appearance.

One of its standout features is its strong, fruity fragrance, often described as a mix of citrus and old rose. The shrub has a vigorous growth habit and can be trained as a climber in warmer climates. It thrives in well-drained soil with plenty of organic matter and prefers full sunlight to achieve its best display.

Rosa 'Abraham Darby' is a versatile addition to any garden, performing beautifully in mixed borders, cottage gardens, or even as a focal point in smaller spaces. Its repeat-flowering nature ensures a generous show of blooms throughout the growing season, making it a true delight for rose enthusiasts.

17. Bonica 82

Bonica 82 is a delightful modern shrub rose that has earned its place as a favourite in gardens worldwide. Introduced in 1982, this variety is celebrated for its reliability, hardiness, and continuous flowering. 

Its clusters of soft pink blooms are small but plentiful, creating a cheerful and abundant display from early summer to the first frosts.

This rose is highly disease-resistant and thrives with minimal care, making it an excellent choice for beginners or low-maintenance gardens. 

Its bushy, spreading growth habit makes it ideal for borders, mass planting, or even as a ground cover. The foliage is a glossy, dark green, providing a lovely contrast to the pastel blooms.

Bonica 82 is adaptable to various soil types but prefers well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. With a light, sweet fragrance and remarkable endurance, it’s no surprise this rose has received awards, including the prestigious title of "World’s Favourite Rose."

18. Wild Prairie Rose

 

The Wild Prairie Rose (Rosa arkansana) is a native species found across the prairies of North America, including parts of Canada and the United States. 

Its simple yet charming pink flowers, often with five petals, bloom in late spring to early summer, adding a splash of colour to natural landscapes. The centre of each flower boasts golden stamens, attracting bees and other pollinators.

This rose is incredibly hardy, thriving in a range of conditions from dry, rocky soils to moist grasslands. It forms low, spreading shrubs, making it ideal for erosion control or as part of a wildlife-friendly garden. The rose hips that follow its blooms are rich in vitamin C and can be used to make teas and jams.

Wild Prairie Rose is perfect for gardeners looking to incorporate native plants into their designs. It requires little maintenance and is a wonderful choice for creating a naturalistic, biodiverse environment.

19. Carolina Rose

The Carolina Rose (Rosa carolina), sometimes called the pasture rose, is a charming wild rose native to the eastern United States. 

It is a small, deciduous shrub that features delicate pink flowers with a single layer of petals. Blooming in late spring to early summer, its flowers emit a light, sweet fragrance that adds a gentle touch to any garden.

This rose thrives in a variety of conditions, including sandy soils and dry, open spaces, making it an adaptable choice for naturalistic or low-maintenance landscapes. Its thorny stems provide excellent cover for birds and small mammals, while its vibrant red rose hips in the autumn serve as a valuable food source for wildlife.

The Carolina Rose is a wonderful addition to pollinator gardens or wildflower meadows. With minimal care requirements and a naturally graceful appearance, it offers a taste of the wild while supporting local ecosystems.

20. Virginia Rose

The Virginia Rose (Rosa virginiana) is a native shrub rose that embodies simplicity and beauty. It is commonly found along the eastern coastline of North America, thriving in sandy soils and coastal environments. 

Its flowers are a soft pink with golden centres, blooming in midsummer and attracting a wide variety of pollinators.

Virginia Rose is known for its ability to adapt to challenging conditions, including poor soils and salt spray, making it an excellent choice for coastal gardens. Its upright growth habit and bright green foliage give it a tidy appearance, while the rose hips it produces in autumn are a feast for birds and a visual delight.

This rose is an easy-care option for those seeking to create a more natural, wildlife-friendly space. Whether used in hedges, borders, or restoration projects, the Virginia Rose brings both ecological value and timeless charm to the garden.

21. Eden Rose 85

Eden Rose 85, also known as Pierre de Ronsard, is a breathtaking climbing rose that has earned international acclaim for its romantic charm. 

Introduced in 1985 by the renowned breeder Meilland, this rose features large, cup-shaped blooms in soft shades of creamy white with pink edges. Its timeless beauty makes it a favourite choice for classic and modern gardens alike.

This rose is a vigorous climber, ideal for training over trellises, walls, or arbours, creating a stunning vertical display. 

Although it has only a light fragrance, its profusion of blooms throughout the growing season more than compensates. The glossy, dark green foliage provides a striking backdrop for the delicately coloured flowers.

Eden Rose 85 thrives in sunny locations with well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Regular pruning helps maintain its shape and encourages more blooms. If you’re after a rose that embodies elegance and versatility, this one is a must-have.

22. Beach Rose

The Beach Rose (Rosa rugosa) is a hardy and adaptable shrub rose, perfect for coastal gardens and challenging landscapes. Native to East Asia, it is now widely naturalised in coastal regions across the world. 

Its flowers, which range from vibrant pink to pure white, bloom profusely in summer and exude a delightful, spicy fragrance. The flowers are followed by large, bright orange-red rose hips that persist into autumn, adding seasonal interest and feeding local wildlife.

Beach roses are incredibly tough, thriving in sandy soils, salt-laden air, and windy conditions. Their thick, wrinkled foliage is both attractive and highly resistant to diseases, making them a low-maintenance choice. They form dense, spreading shrubs, making them ideal for erosion control and hedging.

Whether you want to create a seaside haven or a wildlife-friendly garden, the Beach Rose is a dependable and beautiful choice that combines resilience with natural charm.

23. Austrian Briar

The Austrian Briar (Rosa foetida) is an eye-catching species rose that stands out with its bright, golden-yellow blooms. 

Native to the Middle East and Central Asia, this rose is one of the ancestors of many modern yellow roses, playing a crucial role in rose breeding history. Its single or semi-double flowers bloom in late spring to early summer, providing a dazzling display of colour.

Austrian Briars have a strong, distinctive fragrance that some describe as musky or spicy. They are tough, drought-tolerant shrubs that thrive in sunny locations with well-drained soil. Their arching stems and small, glossy leaves add a wild, rustic beauty to any garden.

Although it flowers only once a year, its vibrant display is well worth the wait. Perfect for cottage gardens, wildlife areas, or as a standalone specimen, the Austrian Briar is a striking reminder of roses’ rich heritage.

24. Rambling Roses

Rambling roses are a group of vigorous, sprawling climbers known for their cascading blooms and exuberant growth. They are ideal for covering walls, pergolas, and fences or for scrambling through trees to create a naturalistic, romantic look. 

Unlike climbing roses, ramblers typically bloom only once a year, but their display is truly spectacular, with thousands of small flowers appearing in clusters during late spring and early summer.

These roses come in a variety of colours, from pure white to deep red, and are often lightly fragrant. Many varieties produce attractive rose hips in autumn, adding seasonal interest and providing food for birds. 

They thrive in sunny positions with fertile, well-drained soil and require minimal care apart from pruning after flowering to control their size.

If you’re looking to transform your garden with lush, abundant beauty, rambling roses offer timeless charm and versatility.

25. Bourbon Roses

Bourbon roses are a class of old garden roses known for their intoxicating fragrance and lush, full-petalled blooms. Originating from the Île de Bourbon (now Réunion) in the early 19th century, these roses are a cross between China roses and Damask roses, combining repeat flowering with rich scent and historical elegance.

Their blooms, which come in shades of pink, white, and crimson, often have a romantic, quartered form. Bourbon roses are robust shrubs or climbers with a graceful growth habit, making them perfect for hedges, mixed borders, or trained over arches. 

They flower repeatedly throughout the season, filling the garden with their heady perfume.

These roses prefer well-drained, fertile soil and plenty of sunlight. While they are hardy, regular feeding and deadheading will keep them at their best. Bourbon roses bring a touch of vintage charm and sophistication to any garden, delighting rose enthusiasts and casual gardeners alike.

26. Damask Roses

Damask roses are among the oldest cultivated roses, celebrated for their exceptional fragrance and historical significance. 

Originating from the Middle East, they were introduced to Europe during the Crusades and quickly gained popularity for their beauty and use in perfumery. The flowers typically bloom in shades of pink or white, with a luxurious, densely petalled appearance.

Damask roses are available in two main types: summer damasks, which bloom once in early summer, and autumn damasks, which offer a second, lighter bloom in autumn. 

These roses are vigorous, forming arching shrubs with thorny stems and soft, grey-green foliage. Their flowers are often used to make rose oil and rosewater, prized for cosmetics and culinary purposes.

Thriving in well-drained soil and full sunlight, Damask roses are hardy and low-maintenance. Perfect for heritage gardens or as standalone specimens, they add timeless elegance and a heavenly fragrance to any space.

27. Noisette Roses

Noisette roses are a delightful group of climbing roses known for their graceful clusters of small, fragrant flowers. 

Originating in the early 19th century in South Carolina, they were developed through a cross between Rosa moschata and China roses. These roses are admired for their repeat flowering and delicate beauty, with blooms appearing in shades of pink, white, and cream.

Noisette roses are vigorous climbers with a naturally elegant growth habit. They are perfect for covering walls, pergolas, or trellises, creating a romantic and airy look. Their flowers are often lightly scented, adding a soft, sweet fragrance to the garden.

These roses thrive in fertile, well-drained soil and benefit from a sunny position. They are relatively disease-resistant and require minimal care beyond occasional pruning to shape their growth. Ideal for creating a vintage garden aesthetic, Noisette roses are a charming and versatile choice.

28. Tea Roses

Tea roses are a class of old roses renowned for their graceful, high-centred blooms and delicate fragrance, reminiscent of freshly brewed tea. 

Originating in China and later hybridised in Europe, they are the ancestors of modern hybrid tea roses. Tea roses bloom in soft, pastel shades such as cream, peach, and blush pink, with their petals often curling elegantly at the edges.

These roses are tender perennials, best suited to warm climates or protected areas. They form upright shrubs with glossy foliage and are repeat bloomers, offering flowers throughout the growing season. Their elegant growth habit makes them ideal for formal gardens, containers, or as standalone specimens.

Tea roses thrive in well-drained soil and prefer full sun to partial shade. While they may require extra care, including winter protection in colder climates, their refined beauty and fragrance make them a rewarding addition to any rose collection.

29. Alba Roses

Alba roses are a group of old garden roses prized for their hardiness, grace, and history. Thought to be one of the oldest cultivated rose classes, they were likely introduced to Europe by the Romans. 

Alba roses are renowned for their pale, ethereal blooms, which range from pure white to soft pink. Their flowers, often semi-double or double, have a delicate, old-fashioned charm and a light, sweet fragrance.

These roses are exceptionally disease-resistant and thrive in less-than-ideal conditions, including partial shade and poorer soils. They form tall, arching shrubs with grey-green foliage, adding a soft, elegant texture to the garden. Alba roses typically bloom once in early summer, providing a glorious display.

Low-maintenance and resilient, they are an excellent choice for heritage gardens, hedges, or informal landscapes. If you’re seeking a rose with timeless beauty and minimal care requirements, Alba roses are an exceptional option.

30. Centifolia Roses

Centifolia roses, often called "cabbage roses," are a classic group of old garden roses renowned for their densely packed, fragrant blooms. 

As the name suggests, their flowers often appear to have "a hundred petals," creating a rounded, luxurious form. They are traditionally grown in the Grasse region of France, where their rich, heady fragrance is harvested for perfumes.

These roses bloom in shades of pink, occasionally with hints of lavender, and are borne on graceful, arching stems. Although Centifolia roses flower only once a year, their spectacular display in late spring to early summer is unforgettable. 

Their sprawling growth habit and thorny stems make them best suited for informal gardens or as a focal point in heritage landscapes.

Centifolia roses thrive in full sun and fertile, well-drained soil. Their lush blooms and intoxicating fragrance add a touch of romance and history to any garden, making them a favourite among rose enthusiasts.

31. Gallica Roses

Gallica roses are among the oldest cultivated roses, steeped in history and celebrated for their rich colours and compact growth. 

These roses were widely grown in mediaeval Europe, often appearing in tapestries and heraldry. Their blooms, typically in shades of deep pink, red, and purple, are small but intensely coloured, often with a delightful fragrance.

Gallica roses are once-bloomers, offering a stunning display of flowers in early summer. Their tidy, bushy growth habit makes them ideal for smaller gardens or as part of a formal rose border. They are also remarkably hardy, thriving in a range of soils and requiring minimal care.

These roses are perfect for heritage gardens or for gardeners seeking a touch of historical charm. Whether used as low hedges or standalone shrubs, Gallica roses bring vibrant colour and timeless elegance, ensuring they remain a favourite among traditional rose lovers.

32. Gertrude Jekyll

Rosa ‘Gertrude Jekyll’ is a stunning English rose from the collection of David Austin, named after the iconic British garden designer. 

This rose is celebrated for its large, rosette-shaped blooms, which are a vibrant shade of deep pink. Its exquisite old-world appearance is matched by its powerful, classic rose fragrance, considered one of the strongest among English roses.

‘Gertrude Jekyll’ is a versatile shrub rose that can also be trained as a short climber, making it suitable for a variety of garden styles. It flowers repeatedly throughout the season, providing a generous display of beauty and scent. Its foliage is a rich green, complementing the vivid blooms.

This rose thrives in fertile, well-drained soil with plenty of sunlight. With its delightful combination of beauty, fragrance, and resilience, ‘Gertrude Jekyll’ is a must-have for cottage gardens, mixed borders, or any gardener seeking a truly exceptional rose.

33. Cabbage Roses

Cabbage roses, also known as Rosa centifolia, are beloved for their densely petalled, spherical blooms that resemble a lush cabbage. 

These roses have been cultivated for centuries, with their fragrant blooms used in perfumery, particularly in the Grasse region of France. Their flowers, typically pink, sometimes with lavender tones, exude a rich and heady fragrance that lingers in the garden.

These roses bloom once a year, in late spring or early summer, offering a magnificent display of old-world charm. Their arching stems and sprawling habit make them a perfect choice for informal, romantic gardens or as a focal point in a heritage planting scheme.

Cabbage roses prefer full sun and well-drained soil enriched with organic matter. Though they require some pruning to manage their size, they are relatively low-maintenance. Their combination of opulent blooms and history makes them a timeless addition to any garden.

34. Burnet Roses

Burnet roses (Rosa spinosissima), sometimes known as Scots roses, are hardy and adaptable wild roses native to Europe. 

These compact shrubs are characterised by their small, single-petalled flowers, usually white or pale pink, with a simple and understated charm. They bloom in late spring or early summer and are followed by dark, spherical rose hips that provide seasonal interest and wildlife value.

Burnet roses thrive in poor soils and harsh conditions, making them a practical choice for challenging garden locations, such as sandy or rocky areas. Their fine, fern-like foliage and low-growing habit make them suitable for borders, hedges, or naturalistic planting schemes.

These roses are incredibly low-maintenance, requiring little more than occasional pruning. They are perfect for gardeners seeking a hardy, unpretentious rose that supports biodiversity while adding a touch of wild beauty to the landscape.

35. Sweet-Brier

Sweet-brier (Rosa rubiginosa) is a delightful species of rose prized for its aromatic foliage as much as its flowers. 

The leaves emit a refreshing, apple-like scent when brushed or crushed, adding a unique sensory element to the garden. Its flowers, typically pink with a sunny yellow centre, bloom in early summer, exuding a gentle, sweet fragrance.

This rose forms a robust, bushy shrub with arching stems covered in fine thorns. It is highly tolerant of poor soils and thrives in sunny, open positions. Sweet-brier roses also produce vibrant orange-red hips in autumn, which are not only decorative but also attract birds and can be used to make rosehip syrup or tea.

Perfect for hedgerows, wildlife gardens, or informal planting schemes, Sweet-brier is a charming, low-maintenance choice. Its combination of beauty, scent, and utility makes it a firm favourite for gardeners who appreciate the natural elegance of wild roses.

Conclusion About The Types Of Roses

As we conclude our exploration of the diverse world of roses, it's clear that each type brings its own unique beauty and characteristics to the garden. 

When selecting roses for your garden, consider the specific conditions and aesthetic goals of your space. Each rose type has its own requirements and contributions, making it essential to choose varieties that will thrive in your garden's environment. 

For those keen to see these roses up close, visiting local nurseries or gardens can provide a valuable opportunity to witness their beauty and diversity firsthand.

If you are moved by the allure of these roses and wish to incorporate their beauty into your own life or share it with others, consider reaching out to Windflower Florist. 

As a premier florist in Singapore, we are dedicated to delivering only the freshest flowers, crafted daily to ensure each bouquet is not just beautiful, but a testament to our commitment to excellence. 

Whether you need a bouquet for a special occasion or just because, Windflower Florist provides impeccable service with same-day delivery options across Singapore. Let us help you make every moment special with the perfect floral arrangement.

Explore our collection today, and trust Windflower Florist to bring the finest blooms directly to your doorstep. For the best in flower delivery in Singapore, look no further than Windflower Florist – where your floral desires meet our expertise.

Frequently Asked Questions About The Different Types Of Roses

Does Pruning Vary Among Different Types Of Roses? 

Yes, pruning requirements can significantly vary among different types of roses. For example, Hybrid Tea roses benefit from being pruned back quite hard in early spring to promote strong new growth and larger blooms. 

In contrast, Shrub roses and some old garden roses require much lighter pruning, mainly to shape the plant and remove dead or diseased wood. Climbing roses also have specific pruning needs, focusing on training the main canes and lightly pruning the lateral branches.

Is It Possible To Grow Different Types Of Roses Together In One Garden Bed? 

Absolutely, it is possible to grow different types of roses together in one garden bed, as long as their cultural needs are similar. Careful planning is required to ensure that each rose type receives adequate sunlight, water, and nutrients without overcrowding. 

Combining different types such as Floribundas with Shrub roses can create a visually appealing and diverse rose display, with varied heights, colours, and blooming times enhancing the garden's aesthetic.

When Is The Best Time To Fertilise Roses? 

The best time to fertilise roses is typically at the beginning of the growing season when new leaves begin to emerge, usually in early spring. A second application should be considered after the first flush of blooms to encourage further flowering. 

It's important to avoid fertilising roses late in the season as this can promote new growth that may not harden off before the onset of cold weather, making the plants vulnerable to winter damage.

Do Some Types Of Roses Require Special Soil Amendments? 

Yes, some types of roses do require special soil amendments to thrive. Roses generally prefer rich, well-draining soil, so incorporating organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure can greatly improve soil structure and fertility.

For varieties like Hybrid Teas and Floribundas, which are heavy feeders, adding a slow-release rose fertiliser that specifically enhances bloom production and plant health can be particularly beneficial. Adjusting the soil's pH to suit the preference of roses is also crucial, with most types preferring slightly acidic conditions.